Latin alveus (al-ve-us), from alveus (trough/basin)
“hollow,” “cavity,” “trough”
The word entered English in the 1600s as alveolus (noun), borrowed from Latin alveolus (a diminutive of alveus), from Latin alveus — literally “trough” or “hollow.” The root alveus (“hollow”) connects alve- to the entire cavity roots: alveoli (plural of alveolus → small hollow sacs in lungs), alveolar bone (alve- + os → bone containing tooth sockets), and alveolate (honeycomb-like cavity structure). The combining formalve- is highly productive in pulmonary and dental anatomy: e.g., alveolar, alveolitis, and alveolar-capillary membrane.