64615

🧠 CPT 64615 - Chemodenervation of Muscle(s); Facial, Trigeminal, Cervical Spinal & Accessory Nerves, Bilateral (Chronic Migraine)

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📋 Code Description

Full Official Description: Chemodenervation of muscle(s); muscle(s) innervated by facial, trigeminal, cervical spinal and accessory nerves, bilateral (eg, for chronic migraine)

CPT 64615 describes the bilateral injection of a chemodenervating agent — specifically botulinum toxin — into muscles innervated by four distinct cranial and spinal nerve territories: the facial nerve (CN VII), trigeminal nerve (CN V), cervical spinal nerves (C1-C7), and accessory nerve (CN XI). The procedure is bilateral by definition — injections are performed across both sides of the head, face, neck, and upper back in a single session.

CPT 64615 is used exclusively for the prophylactic treatment of chronic migraine and is performed according to the PREEMPT (Phase 3 Research Evaluating Migraine Prophylaxis Therapy) injection protocol — the only FDA-approved injection paradigm for onabotulinumtoxinA in chronic migraine. The standard PREEMPT protocol delivers 155 units across 31 injection sites in 7 muscle groups:

Muscle Group	Bilateral Sites	Units (Min)	Nerve Territory
Frontalis	4 sites (2 per side)	20 U	Facial / Trigeminal
Corrugator supercilii	2 sites (1 per side)	10 U	Facial / Trigeminal
Procerus	1 site (midline)	5 U	Facial / Trigeminal
Occipitalis	6 sites (3 per side)	30 U	Cervical Spinal / CN X/XI
Temporalis	8 sites (4 per side)	40 U	Facial / Trigeminal
Trapezius	6 sites (3 per side)	30 U	Accessory (CN XI)
Cervical Paraspinal / Semispinalis	4 sites (2 per side)	20 U	Cervical Spinal
TOTAL (Standard)	31 sites	155 U

⚠️ “Follow-the-Pain” Add-On Protocol: Up to 195 units across 39 sites may be administered using the PREEMPT follow-the-pain paradigm, adding up to 40 additional units to the occipitalis, temporalis, or trapezius. 64615 is still reported once regardless of whether 155 or 195 units are administered. The code is per-session, not per-site or per-unit.

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💰 Work RVUs & Payment

Component	Value
wRVU (Facility)	1.80
wRVU (Non-Facility)	1.80
Total RVU (Facility)	4.70
Global Period	010 (10 days)
Est. Medicare Payment	~$156.98(national;2026CF$33.40)
Assistant Payable	❌ No (indicator: 0)
Co-Surgery	❌ No
Team Surgery	❌ No
Bilateral Surgery	Indicator 2 — bilateral is inherent; modifier -50 should NOT be reported; no RT/LT modifiers
Multiple Procedure	Indicator 2 (standard 50% reduction if additional procedures same session)
PC/TC Split	❌ No — injection is a global service; no imaging guidance component

Note:

CPT 64615 is one of the highest-volume neurology injection codes and is commonly performed in the non-facility (office/clinic) setting. The work RVU of 1.80 is fixed regardless of setting; total reimbursement is higher in non-facility due to larger practice expense (PE) RVU. Total facility RVU breakdown: 1.80 (work) + 2.28 (PE) + 0.62 (malpractice) = 4.70 total. Non-facility total RVU is higher, reflecting office overhead.

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✅ What’s Included

64615 bundles the following into a single billable unit per session:

• All injection sites on both sides of the head, neck, and upper back within the PREEMPT paradigm
• All 7 muscle groups (frontalis, corrugator supercilii, procerus, occipitalis, temporalis, trapezius, cervical paraspinal/semispinalis capitis)
• Standard 31 sites at 155 units OR follow-the-pain 39 sites up to 195 units — both = 1 unit of 64615
• Physician assessment of injection target sites at time of service
• Routine post-procedure monitoring within the 10-day global period
• Injection technique fees (needle placement, aspiration, administration) — do not separately bill injection administration codes (96372)

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🚫 Excludes / Separately Reportable

What is Excluded	Separately Reportable Code
Botulinum toxin type A (onabotulinumtoxinA / Botox®)	J0585 — per unit; must be on same claim as 64615; standard dose = J0585 × 155 (or up to 195)
Botulinum toxin type A (abobotulinumtoxinA / Dysport™)	J0586 — per unit; note: Dysport is not FDA-approved for chronic migraine but is sometimes billed off-label; payer acceptance varies widely
Botulinum toxin type A (incobotulinumtoxinA / Xeomin®)	J0588 — per unit; also not FDA-approved specifically for chronic migraine; payer-dependent
Botulinum toxin type A (daxibotulinumtoxinA-lanm / DAXXIFY®)	J0589 — per unit; FDA approval for chronic migraine should be verified before billing
Drug wastage from vial (discarded portion)	J0585 - JW — wastage is separately reimbursable; document exact dose administered and amount discarded
No discarded amount (since 7/1/2023)	Append -JZ to J-code line to attest zero wastage; required per CR 13056
Chemodenervation of facial nerve only, unilateral (blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm)	64612 — never report at the same visit as 64615; bundled via NCCI; mutually exclusive
Chemodenervation of neck muscle(s) only, excluding larynx	64616 — bundled with 64615 per NCCI; injecting neck muscles is already included in the 64615 PREEMPT paradigm
E/M service for chronic migraine management (same visit)	Not separately reportable unless a distinct, separately identifiable medical service is rendered for a different diagnosis (then append -25 to E/M code)
Injection administration service	96372 — explicitly bundled per NCCI and per CPT guidelines; do not bill with 64615

⚠️ NCCI Bundling Alert: 64612 and 64615 are mutually exclusive per NCCI — never appear on the same claim for the same session. 64616 (cervical dystonia neck injection) is also bundled with 64615 because the cervical musculature is already included in the PREEMPT paradigm. If a patient receives PREEMPT injections AND a separate, distinct neck injection for cervical dystonia, review carefully — payers will deny 64616 as duplicative of 64615.

⚠️ E/M Alert: Per AMA CPT guidelines and Practical Neurology guidance, billing an E/M code on the same day as 64615 for the same diagnosis (chronic migraine) is inappropriate. If a patient is seen for ongoing migraine management AND receives injections in the same visit, only the injection code (with its J-codes) should be billed. An E/M is permissible with modifier -25 only when a separate and distinct medical decision is made for a different diagnosis.

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🌿 Code Tree / Family

Nervous System - Chemodenervation (64611-64653)
│
├── 64611  Chemodenervation of salivary gland(s), bilateral (sialorrhea)
│
├── 64612  Chemodenervation of facial nerve muscle(s), UNILATERAL
│              (blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, facial dystonia)
│              [Never report with 64615 at same visit]
│
├── 64615  ◀ Chemodenervation of facial, trigeminal, cervical spinal &
│              accessory nerves, BILATERAL (chronic migraine / PREEMPT)
│              [Bilateral inherent; no -50; report once per session]
│
├── 64616  Chemodenervation of neck muscle(s), excluding larynx, UNILATERAL
│              (cervical dystonia / spasmodic torticollis)
│              [Bundled with 64615 per NCCI for same-session neck injections]
│
├── 64617  Chemodenervation of laryngeal muscle(s), unilateral
│              (spasmodic dysphonia, laryngeal dystonia)
│
├── 64642  Chemodenervation of one extremity; 1-4 muscle(s)
├── 64643  Each additional extremity; 1-4 muscle(s) [Add-on to 64642]
├── 64644  Chemodenervation of one extremity; 5+ muscle(s)
├── 64645  Each additional extremity; 5+ muscle(s) [Add-on to 64644]
│
├── 64646  Chemodenervation of trunk muscle(s); 1-5 muscles
├── 64647  Chemodenervation of trunk muscle(s); 6+ muscles
│
├── 64650  Chemodenervation of eccrine sweat glands; both axillae (hyperhidrosis)
└── 64653  Chemodenervation of eccrine sweat glands; other area(s)

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🏥 ICD-10-CM Commonly Paired Diagnoses

The following codes represent CMS LCD-covered indications for 64615 per CMS Billing & Coding Article A59726 (effective 02/22/2026) and LCD L39857. The patient must meet the ICHD-3 diagnostic criteria for chronic migraine: headaches on ≥15 days/month for >3 months, with migraine features on ≥8 days/month. Documentation of prior preventive medication trial failure is strongly recommended and required by many payers. Cosmetic use of botulinum toxin is statutorily non-covered.

🔴 Chronic Migraine Without Aura (Primary Indications)

ICD-10-CM	Description	HCC	Notes
G43.709	Chronic migraine without aura, not intractable, without status migrainosus	❌ No HCC	Most commonly reported code; first-line selection unless intractability or status migrainosus documented
G43.701	Chronic migraine without aura, not intractable, with status migrainosus	❌ No HCC	Status migrainosus = migraine lasting >72 hours; must be documented
G43.719	Chronic migraine without aura, intractable, without status migrainosus	❌ No HCC	Intractable = refractory to standard treatment; provider must explicitly document
G43.711	Chronic migraine without aura, intractable, with status migrainosus	❌ No HCC	Most severe classification; document intractability AND duration >72 hours

🔴 Chronic Migraine With Aura

ICD-10-CM	Description	HCC	Notes
G43.E09	Chronic migraine with aura, not intractable, without status migrainosus	❌ No HCC	Aura must be documented (visual, sensory, speech/language, motor, brainstem, or retinal)
G43.E01	Chronic migraine with aura, not intractable, with status migrainosus	❌ No HCC	Status migrainosus component must be documented
G43.E19	Chronic migraine with aura, intractable, without status migrainosus	❌ No HCC	Intractable + aura; both must be explicitly documented
G43.E11	Chronic migraine with aura, intractable, with status migrainosus	❌ No HCC	Most specific/severe; all components must appear in provider documentation

🔴 Persistent Migraine Aura with Cerebral Infarction

ICD-10-CM	Description	HCC	Notes
G43.611	Persistent migraine aura with cerebral infarction, intractable, with status migrainosus	✅ HCC	Links to cerebrovascular disease; captures both migraine and infarction in one combination code
G43.619	Persistent migraine aura with cerebral infarction, intractable, without status migrainosus	✅ HCC	Per ICD-10 Official Guidelines, also assign a code for the cerebral infarction
G43.601	Persistent migraine aura with cerebral infarction, not intractable, with status migrainosus	✅ HCC	Assign secondary code from I63.x to identify type of cerebral infarction
G43.609	Persistent migraine aura with cerebral infarction, not intractable, without status migrainosus	✅ HCC	Combination code; secondary I63.x still required

🔴 Other Migraine Variants (Covered per CMS LCD — Broader G43.x Range)

ICD-10-CM	Description	HCC	Notes
G43.809	Other migraine, not intractable, without status migrainosus	❌ No HCC	Broader migraine code; use when specific chronic migraine code is not supported
G43.819	Other migraine, intractable, without status migrainosus	❌ No HCC	CMS LCD covers the full G43.001-G43.819 range for 64615
G43.909	Migraine, unspecified, not intractable, without status migrainosus	❌ No HCC	Avoid if chronic migraine is specified — use G43.7xx or G43.Exx instead
G43.911	Migraine, unspecified, intractable, with status migrainosus	❌ No HCC	Use only when type cannot be determined

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💡 HCC Considerations

Chronic migraine diagnoses (G43.7xx, G43.Exx) do NOT carry HCC weights in the CMS-HCC v28 model. However, clinical documentation during the 64615 encounter may support capture of HCC-bearing comorbidities that significantly impact risk adjustment scores.

Persistent Migraine Aura with Cerebral Infarction (G43.6xx)

• Combination codes for migraine + infarction do carry HCC significance — the infarction component maps to cerebrovascular disease HCC categories
• Documentation Tip: Provider must document the causal relationship between the persistent aura and cerebral infarction; never assume from imaging alone

Depression & Anxiety (Common Comorbidities in Chronic Migraine)

• F32.1 Major depressive disorder, single episode, moderate → HCC 155 (varies by model)
• F41.1 Generalized anxiety disorder → HCC 155 in some v28 models
• Documentation Tip: Chronic migraine has a well-established bidirectional relationship with mood disorders; capture these as secondary/additional diagnoses when documented and managed

Medication Overuse Headache (Secondary)

• G44.40 Drug-induced headache, not elsewhere classified, not intractable — no HCC, but important to capture for clinical accuracy and payer authorization documentation

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🔧 Applicable Modifiers

Modifier	Description	When to Use with 64615
-50	Bilateral Procedure	❌ DO NOT USE — 64615 has bilateral surgery indicator 2; bilateral is inherent to the code; using -50 will result in claim overpayment, incorrect payment, or denial
-RT / -LT	Right / Left Side	❌ DO NOT USE on 64615 itself — procedure is bilateral by definition; no laterality modifiers apply to this code
-25	Significant, Separately Identifiable E/M Service	Append to the E/M code (not to 64615) when a truly separate E/M is performed for a different diagnosis on the same day; NOT appropriate for E/M related to the same chronic migraine indication
-52	Reduced Services	If fewer than the standard 31 injection sites are administered (e.g., patient intolerance mid-procedure); document sites completed and reason for reduction
-53	Discontinued Procedure	If procedure was started but completely abandoned before any injections completed due to medical or safety concerns
-59	Distinct Procedural Service	Rarely applicable with 64615; may be used if a truly separate injection procedure at a distinct anatomical site is rendered at the same session (requires careful clinical and NCCI review)
-JW	Drug Amount Discarded	Append to J-code line (e.g., J0585--JW) for discarded portion of vial; document administered dose and discarded amount in the medical record; pro-rata wastage rules apply for shared vials
-JZ	Zero Wastage	Append to J-code line when the entire vial contents were used with no discard; required per CR 13056 effective 7/1/2023
-GY	Non-Covered / Statutorily Excluded	Append if administering botulinum toxin for cosmetic purposes; use Z41.1 as diagnosis; issue ABN
-GZ	Expected Denial — Not Reasonable/Necessary	Claim expected to be denied; used when no ABN was issued; rare for covered chronic migraine indications

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🏨 MS-DRG (Inpatient Context)

CPT 64615 is performed exclusively in the outpatient or office setting under virtually all clinical circumstances. Inpatient administration of botulinum toxin for chronic migraine is clinically rare and not standard of care. However, if a patient is admitted for status migrainosus or another acute neurological condition and receives chemodenervation during the same stay, the ICD-10-PCS Administration section codes would apply on the UB-04.

ICD-10-PCS Equivalents (Inpatient)

ICD-10-PCS	Description
3E023NZ	Introduction of Other Therapeutic Substance into Muscle, Percutaneous Approach
3E0T3NZ	Introduction of Other Therapeutic Substance into Peripheral Nerves and Plexuses, Percutaneous Approach
3E0X3NZ	Introduction of Other Therapeutic Substance into Cranial Nerves, Percutaneous Approach

PCS Root Operation — Introduction (0): Putting in or on a therapeutic, diagnostic, nutritional, physiological, or prophylactic substance except blood or blood products Section: 3 (Administration) | Body System: E (Physiological Systems and Anatomical Regions) Clinical Tip: For the PREEMPT protocol targeting multiple muscle groups bilaterally, 3E023NZ (Muscle, Percutaneous) is the most anatomically comprehensive. Since the PREEMPT paradigm covers multiple nerve territories (facial, trigeminal, cervical, accessory), a single PCS code capturing muscle-level administration is most appropriate. Code only the dominant procedure per ICD-10-PCS guidelines. Drug Note: The botulinum toxin agent is captured in the substance character (N = Other Therapeutic Substance); there is no separate HCPCS-equivalent drug code in the PCS system for inpatient claims — the drug is encompassed within the DRG payment.

Associated MS-DRGs (When Encounter Occurs Inpatient)

MS-DRG	Description	Partition
073	Cranial & Peripheral Nerve Disorders with MCC	Medical
074	Cranial & Peripheral Nerve Disorders with CC	Medical
075	Cranial & Peripheral Nerve Disorders without CC/MCC	Medical
056	Degenerative Nervous System Disorders with MCC	Medical
057	Degenerative Nervous System Disorders without MCC	Medical
102	Headaches with MCC	Medical
103	Headaches without MCC	Medical

Warning

⚠️ For inpatient admissions for status migrainosus (G43.711, G43.E11), the principal diagnosis drives DRG assignment. The botulinum toxin drug (b) is part of the DRG bundled payment under Part A and cannot be separately billed to Part B during an inpatient stay. The injection procedure code 64615 also should NOT appear on a Part B claim for an admitted inpatient.

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📝 Coding Examples

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🟢 Example 1 — Standard PREEMPT Protocol, New Patient, Office

Clinical Scenario: A 42-year-old female with a 3-year history of chronic migraine (headaches ≥15 days/month, ≥8 days with migraine features) who has failed trials of topiramate and propranolol presents to neurology for her first onabotulinumtoxinA injection. The neurologist administers 155 units across 31 standard PREEMPT sites bilaterally.

CPT / HCPCS Codes:

• 64615 — Chemodenervation, bilateral, facial/trigeminal/cervical spinal/accessory nerves (chronic migraine)
• J0585 × 155 — OnabotulinumtoxinA (Botox), 155 units administered
• J0585 -JW × 45 — Wastage from two 100-unit vials (200 total available - 155 used = 45 discarded)

ICD-10-CM Codes:

• G43.709 — Chronic migraine without aura, not intractable, without status migrainosus

Notes: 64615 is reported once regardless of 31 injection sites. No modifiers -RT, -LT, or -50 are used. The 100-unit vials of onabotulinumtoxinA require 2 vials to deliver 155 units; the 45 unused units are reportable as wastage with -JW.

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🟢 Example 2 — Follow-the-Pain Protocol (195 Units), Established Patient

Clinical Scenario: A 55-year-old male with intractable chronic migraine without aura, now on his 4th PREEMPT treatment cycle (every 12 weeks), presents for repeat injection. The neurologist elects to use the follow-the-pain approach, administering 195 units at 39 sites due to the patient’s persistent occipital and trapezius pain pattern.

CPT / HCPCS Codes:

• 64615 — Chemodenervation, bilateral chronic migraine (follow-the-pain paradigm)
• J0585 × 195 — OnabotulinumtoxinA, 195 units administered
• J0585--JZ × 5 — Zero-wastage attestation if 200 units exactly used (2 vials = 200 units; 5 units discarded → use -JW × 5 instead)

ICD-10-CM Codes:

• G43.719 — Chronic migraine without aura, intractable, without status migrainosus

Notes: 64615 is reported once — the code covers 155-195 units regardless of site count. “Intractable” must appear explicitly in the provider’s documentation; do not infer from treatment history alone. Frequency of every 12 weeks (quarterly) aligns with FDA-approved PREEMPT protocol.

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🟢 Example 3 — Same-Day E/M for Separate Condition

Clinical Scenario: An established 47-year-old female presents for her quarterly PREEMPT injection for chronic migraine. During the same visit, the neurologist also evaluates and manages her newly diagnosed essential tremor — a distinctly separate condition requiring independent clinical decision-making. A Level 3 E/M is documented for the tremor evaluation.

CPT / HCPCS Codes:

• 64615 — Chronic migraine PREEMPT chemodenervation
• J0585 × 155 — OnabotulinumtoxinA
• J0585--JW × 45 — Wastage
• 99214--25 — Office/outpatient E/M, moderate medical decision making, for essential tremor

ICD-10-CM Codes:

• G43.709 — Chronic migraine without aura (linked to 64615 and J-codes)
• G25.0 — Essential tremor (linked to 99214--25)

Notes: Modifier -25 is appended to the E/M code, not to 64615. The two services must be for different diagnoses with separate, distinct documentation. A single note addressing both chronic migraine and the E/M for essential tremor is insufficient — the essential tremor evaluation must stand as an independently documented service.

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🟢 Example 4 — Inpatient Status Migrainosus (Inpatient Coding)

Clinical Scenario: A 38-year-old female is admitted for status migrainosus — an intractable migraine lasting >72 hours unresponsive to IV DHE and corticosteroids. On Day 2 of the admission, the neurologist performs a PREEMPT chemodenervation injection as part of the inpatient treatment plan.

ICD-10-CM (UB-04):

• Principal Dx: G43.711 — Chronic migraine without aura, intractable, with status migrainosus
• Secondary Dx: F41.1 — Generalized anxiety disorder (documented comorbidity)
• Secondary Dx: G44.40 — Drug-induced headache, not intractable (if medication overuse also documented)

ICD-10-PCS Procedure Code:

• 3E023NZ — Introduction of Other Therapeutic Substance into Muscle, Percutaneous Approach

MS-DRG: Likely 102 (Headaches with MCC) if a qualifying MCC is present, or 103 (Headaches without MCC); anxiety disorder (F41.1) may qualify as CC depending on grouper version.

🏥 Inpatient Coder Tip: The onabotulinumtoxinA drug (J0585) is NOT separately billable under Part B during an inpatient admission — it is subsumed in the DRG payment. Do NOT generate a Part B claim for the J-code. The PCS code 3E023NZ reflects the administration of the therapeutic substance inpatient. The “intractable, with status migrainosus” specificity in G43.711 may drive a higher-weighted DRG — verify CC/MCC status with your facility grouper.

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⚠️ Common Coding Pitfalls

• ❌ Do not append modifier -50 to 64615 — it has a bilateral surgery indicator of 2, meaning the code is already bilateral by definition; using -50 will generate a payment error or denial
• ❌ Do not append -RT or -LT to 64615 — this is a bilateral code covering both sides simultaneously; no laterality modifiers are applicable
• ❌ Do not bill 64612 and 64615 at the same visit — they are bundled per NCCI and represent overlapping service descriptions; only one chemodenervation code may be used per session
• ❌ Do not bill 96372 (therapeutic/prophylactic injection) with 64615 — it is explicitly excluded by NCCI and CPT guidelines; the injection technique is part of 64615
• ❌ Do not bill 64616 (neck muscle chemodenervation) alongside 64615 — the cervical/neck muscle injection is included in the PREEMPT paradigm that 64615 describes; billing both is unbundling
• ❌ Do not report 64615 more than once per session — the code is per-session, not per site or per injection; 31 sites = 1 unit; 39 sites = 1 unit
• ❌ Do not submit the J-code (J0585-J0589) on a separate claim from 64615 — CMS requires both on the same claim; denial of the J-code will trigger automatic denial of 64615
• ❌ Do not omit the -JW or -JZ modifier on every J-code line — required on all separately payable Part B drug claims per CR 13056 (effective 7/1/2023)
• ✅ Do document prior preventive medication failure explicitly — most payers require evidence that at least 2 preventive drug classes (e.g., beta-blockers, anticonvulsants, tricyclics, CGRP antagonists) were tried and failed before authorizing 64615
• ✅ Do document the ICHD-3 chronic migraine criteria in the record: ≥15 headache days/month, ≥8 migraine days/month, duration >3 months
• ✅ Do document dosage, injection sites, and frequency explicitly per CMS LCD L39857 requirements — this is an auditor target code
• ✅ Do verify MAC-specific prior authorization requirements before each session — Noridian requires PA when J0585-J0588 is billed with 64615; failure to obtain results in claim denial for both the drug and the procedure

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📌 Quick Reference Summary

Field	Value
Code	64615
Type	CPT - Surgical (Neurolytic/Chemodenervation)
System	Nervous System
Nerve Territories	Facial, Trigeminal, Cervical Spinal, Accessory (CN VII, V, C1-C7, XI)
Laterality	Bilateral inherent — NO modifiers -50, -RT, or -LT
Global Period	010 (10 days)
wRVU	1.80
Total RVU (Fac)	4.70
Est. Medicare Payment	~$156.98 (2026)
Assistant Payable	No
MUE	1 per session (never more than 1 unit)
Bilateral Rule	Indicator 2 (inherent bilateral; no -50)
PREEMPT Dose	155-195 units / 31-39 sites / every 12 weeks
Required Companion	J0585 (onabotulinumtoxinA) × units administered — same claim
Drug Wastage	-JW (wastage) or -JZ (zero wastage) — required on J-code
Mutually Exclusive	64612, 64616
NCCI Bundled	96372, 64612, 64616
Key Primary DX	G43.709, G43.719, G43.E09, G43.E19
HCC-Bearing Secondary	G43.611-G43.619 (persistent aura w/ infarction), F32.x (depression)
Inpatient PCS	3E023NZ
Prior Auth	Required by Noridian and many MACs when J0585 - J0588 billed with 64615

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_{AMA CPT Professional Edition 2024 · CMS Physician Fee Schedule RVU26A (2026) · CMS LCD L39857 — Botulinum Toxins (Effective 02/22/2026) · CMS Billing & Coding Article A59726 (Updated 02/22/2026) · NCCI Policy Manual for Medicare Services 2026 · CMS CR 13056 — JW/JZ Modifier Requirements (Effective 7/1/2023) · AHA Coding Clinic for ICD-10-CM/PCS · Noridian Medicare — Botulinum Toxin Injections Pre-Claim Review (JF/JE Part A) · Practical Neurology — Botulinum Toxin Billing & Coding Update (April 2026) · PREEMPT 1 & 2 Clinical Trials · ICHD-3 Diagnostic Criteria for Chronic Migraine}