📋 Ophthalmology CPT Codes Reference

What This MOC Covers

This reference index covers the major CPT code families in Ophthalmology — organized by anatomic region and procedure type. Use this note to navigate individual procedure notes, identify correct code selection within a family, understand bundling rules, and locate modifier and global period guidance. Codes span the Surgery — Eye and Ocular Adnexa section (65091-68899) and the Medicine — Ophthalmology section (92002-92499) of CPT.

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💰 Anatomic Navigation Index

• Eyeball — Removal
• Anterior Segment — Cornea
• Anterior Segment — Anterior Chamber and Iris
• Anterior Segment — Lens and Cataract
• Anterior Segment — Glaucoma
• Posterior Segment — Vitreous
• Posterior Segment — Retina and Choroid
• Ocular Adnexa — Extraocular Muscles (Strabismus)
• Ocular Adnexa — Orbit
• Ocular Adnexa — Eyelids
• Ocular Adnexa — Lacrimal System
• Conjunctiva
• Ophthalmology Medicine — E/M and Diagnostic
• Ophthalmology Medicine — Special Testing
• Ophthalmology Medicine — Injections
• MS-DRG Reference
• Global Period Quick Reference
• Modifier Quick Reference
• Common ICD-10-CM Diagnoses

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👁️ Eyeball — Removal

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
65091	Evisceration of ocular contents; without implant	090	Remove contents, sclera remains
65093	Evisceration of ocular contents; with implant	090	With orbital implant
65101	Enucleation of eye; without implant	090	Remove entire globe
65103	Enucleation of eye; with implant, muscles not attached to implant	090	Implant, no muscle attachment
65105	Enucleation of eye; with implant, muscles attached to implant	090	Integrated implant with motility
65110	Exenteration of orbit; without implant	090	Remove globe + orbital contents
65112	Exenteration of orbit; requiring removal of bone	090	With bony orbital wall
65114	Exenteration of orbit; with therapeutic removal of bone	090	Oncologic bone removal
65125	Modification of ocular implant with placement or replacement of pegs	090	Peg placement for prosthesis motility
65130	Insertion of ocular implant secondary; after evisceration	090	Secondary implant post-evisceration
65135	Insertion of ocular implant secondary; after enucleation	090	Secondary implant post-enucleation
65140	Attachment of ocular implant; muscles only	090	Muscle reattachment
65150	Reinsertion of ocular implant; with or without conjunctival graft	090	Implant reinsertion
65155	Reinsertion of ocular implant; with use of foreign material	090	With wrapping material

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🧑🏾‍⚕️ Anterior Segment — Cornea

Keratoplasty (Corneal Transplant)

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
65710	Keratoplasty; lamellar	090	Partial thickness — DALK
65730	Keratoplasty; penetrating, except in aphakia or pseudophakia	090	Full thickness PKP — phakic
65750	Keratoplasty; penetrating, in aphakia	090	PKP in aphakic eye
65755	Keratoplasty; penetrating, in pseudophakia	090	PKP with IOL in place
65756	Keratoplasty; endothelial (DSAEK, DMEK)	090	Posterior lamellar — most common
65757	Backbench preparation of corneal endothelial allograft	000	Graft preparation — add-on
65760	Keratomileusis	090	Rare — refractive stromal reshaping
65765	Keratophakia	090	Rare
65767	Epikeratoplasty	090	Rare
65770	Keratoprosthesis	090	Artificial cornea — KPro/Boston KPro
65771	Radial keratotomy	090	Refractive — largely historical
65772	Corneal relaxing incision for correction of astigmatism	090	AK incisions
65775	Corneal wedge resection for correction of astigmatism	090	Wedge resection

Corneal Procedures — Other

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
65400	Excision of lesion, cornea	090	Pterygium, tumor excision
65410	Biopsy of cornea	000	Corneal biopsy
65420	Excision of pterygium; without graft	090	Bare sclera technique
65426	Excision of pterygium; with graft	090	With conjunctival autograft — preferred
65430	Scraping of cornea, diagnostic; for smear and/or culture	000	Corneal scraping
65435	Removal of corneal epithelium; with or without chemocauterization	000	Epithelial debridement
65436	Removal of corneal epithelium; with application of chelating agent (EDTA)	000	Band keratopathy treatment
65450	Destruction of lesion of cornea by cryotherapy, photocoagulation, or thermocauterization	000	Corneal lesion destruction
65600	Multiple punctures of anterior cornea	000	Anterior stromal puncture — RMD
65710	Keratoplasty, lamellar	090	(see above)
65800	Paracentesis of anterior chamber of eye; with diagnostic aspiration	000	AC tap
65805	Paracentesis of anterior chamber; with therapeutic release of aqueous	000	AC tap for acute angle closure
65810	Paracentesis of anterior chamber; with removal of vitreous and/or discission of anterior hyaloid membrane	000	With vitreous
65815	Paracentesis of anterior chamber; with removal of blood, with irrigation and/or air injection	000	Hyphema evacuation

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👃👁️Anterior Segment — Anterior Chamber and Iris

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
65820	Goniotomy	090	Congenital glaucoma — angle surgery
65850	Trabeculotomy ab externo	090	External trabeculotomy
65855	Trabeculoplasty by laser surgery	010	ALT/SLT — laser glaucoma
65860	Severing adhesions of anterior segment; laser technique	010	Laser lysis of synechiae
65865	Severing adhesions of anterior segment; incisional technique	090	Surgical synechiolysis
65870	Severing adhesions of anterior segment; goniosynechiolysis	090	Angle adhesion release
65875	Severing adhesions of anterior segment; posterior synechiolysis	090	Posterior synechiae release
65880	Severing adhesions of anterior segment; corneovitreal adhesions	090	Corneovitreal adhesion
65900	Removal of epithelial downgrowth, anterior chamber of eye	090	Epithelial ingrowth
65920	Removal of implanted material, anterior chamber of eye	090	IOL or ring removal from AC
65930	Removal of blood clot, anterior segment of eye	090	Hyphema clot removal
66020	Injection of air or liquid, anterior chamber	000	AC injection
66030	Injection of medication or other substance, anterior chamber of eye	000	Intracameral injection
66130	Excision of lesion, sclera	090	Scleral lesion
66150	Fistulization of sclera for glaucoma; thermocauterizaton	090	Old technique
66155	Fistulization of sclera for glaucoma; thermocauterization with iridectomy	090	Old technique
66160	Fistulization of sclera for glaucoma; sclerectomy with punch or scissors, with iridectomy	090	Sclerectomy
66165	Fistulization of sclera for glaucoma; iridencleisis or iridotasis	090	Rare
66170	Fistulization of sclera for glaucoma; trabeculectomy ab externo in absence of previous surgery	090	Primary trabeculectomy
66172	Fistulization of sclera for glaucoma; trabeculectomy ab externo with scarring from previous ocular surgery or trauma	090	Revision trabeculectomy
66174	Transluminal dilation of aqueous outflow canal; without retention of device	090	Canaloplasty
66175	Transluminal dilation of aqueous outflow canal; with retention of device	090	iTrack with retention
66179	Aqueous shunt to extraocular equine pericardial reservoir; without graft	090	Tube shunt — Ahmed, Baerveldt
66180	Aqueous shunt to extraocular equine pericardial reservoir; with graft	090	Tube shunt with patch graft
66183	Insertion of anterior segment aqueous drainage device, without extraocular reservoir, internal approach	090	MIGS — iStent, Hydrus, Kahook
66184	Revision of aqueous shunt to extraocular equine pericardial reservoir; without graft	090	Tube shunt revision
66185	Revision of aqueous shunt to extraocular equine pericardial reservoir; with graft	090	Tube shunt revision with graft
66250	Revision of operative wound of anterior segment, any type, early or late, major or minor	090	Wound revision

Iris Procedures

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
66500	Iridotomy by stab incision; except transfixion	090	Surgical iridotomy
66505	Iridotomy by stab incision; with transfixion as for iris bombe	090	Iris bombé release
66600	Iridectomy, with corneoscleral or corneal section; for removal of lesion	090	Iris lesion excision
66605	Iridectomy, with corneoscleral or corneal section; with cyclectomy	090	With ciliary body
66625	Iridectomy; peripheral for glaucoma (separate procedure)	090	Peripheral surgical iridectomy
66630	Iridectomy; sector for glaucoma (separate procedure)	090	Sector iridectomy
66635	Iridectomy; optical (separate procedure)	090	Optical iridectomy
66680	Repair of iris, ciliary body	090	Iris repair
66682	Suture of iris, ciliary body; with retrieval of suture through small incision	090	Iris suturing
66700	Ciliary body destruction; diathermy	090	Cyclodiathermy
66710	Ciliary body destruction; cyclophotocoagulation, trans-scleral	090	CPC/TSCPC — refractory glaucoma
66711	Ciliary body destruction; cyclophotocoagulation, endoscopic	090	Endoscopic CPC (ECP)
66720	Ciliary body destruction; cryotherapy	090	Cyclocryo
66740	Ciliary body destruction; cyclodialysis	090	Rare
66761	Iridotomy/iridectomy by laser surgery (e.g., for glaucoma) (per session)	010	LPI — laser peripheral iridotomy
66762	Iridoplasty by photocoagulation (per session)	010	ALPI — angle closure treatment
66770	Destruction of cyst or lesion iris or ciliary body (nonexcisional procedure)	090	Cyst ablation

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Anterior Segment — Lens and Cataract

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
66820	Discission of secondary membranous cataract (after cataract); stab incision technique	090	Surgical posterior capsulotomy — rare
66821	Discission of secondary membranous cataract (after cataract); laser surgery (e.g., YAG laser)	010	YAG posterior capsulotomy — very common
66825	Repositioning of intraocular lens prosthesis, requiring an incision	090	IOL repositioning, surgical
66830	Removal of secondary membranous cataract with corneo-scleral section	090	Open sky capsule removal
66840	Removal of lens material; aspiration technique, 1 or more stages	090	Aspiration technique
66850	Removal of lens material; phacofragmentation technique	090	Phacofragmentation — phaco technique
66852	Removal of lens material; pars plana approach, with or without vitrectomy	090	Pars plana lensectomy
66920	Removal of lens material; intracapsular	090	ICCE — intracapsular cataract extraction
66940	Removal of lens material; extracapsular (other than 66840, 66850, 66852)	090	ECCE — extracapsular technique
66982	Extracapsular cataract removal with insertion of intraocular lens prosthesis; complex, requiring devices or techniques not generally used in routine cataract surgery	090	Complex cataract — IFIS, pseudoexfoliation, small pupil, subluxed lens
66983	Intracapsular cataract extraction with insertion of intraocular lens prosthesis; 1 stage procedure	090	ICCE with IOL
66984	Extracapsular cataract removal with insertion of intraocular lens prosthesis; without endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation	090	Standard phacoemulsification with IOL — most commonly billed ophthalmic CPT
66987	Extracapsular cataract removal with insertion of intraocular lens prosthesis; complex, with endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation	090	Complex cataract with ECP — glaucoma combination
66988	Extracapsular cataract removal with insertion of intraocular lens prosthesis; without endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation, with insertion of intraocular lens with extended depth of focus or multifocal optics	090	Premium IOL (EDOF/multifocal) — patient pays upgrade fee
66989	Extracapsular cataract removal; complex, with insertion of intraocular lens prosthesis, with endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation, with insertion of intraocular lens with extended depth of focus or multifocal optics	090	Complex + ECP + premium IOL
66991	Extracapsular cataract removal with insertion of intraocular lens prosthesis; with insertion of intraocular (e.g., trabecular meshwork, supraciliary, suprachoroidal) anterior segment aqueous drainage device, without extraocular reservoir, internal approach, one or more	090	Cataract + MIGS (iStent inject, Hydrus) — combination code
66999	Unlisted procedure, anterior segment of eye	N/A	Unlisted anterior segment

Cataract Coding Note — Most Critical Distinctions:

• 66984 = standard cataract; 66982 = complex cataract (must document complexity — IFIS, pseudoexfoliation, subluxation, small pupil, dense brunescent, prior vitrectomy); 66991 = cataract + MIGS same session.
• Premium IOL (toric, EDOF, multifocal) — report 66988/66989 for the procedure; patient pays the IOL upgrade as a non-covered service; do not report the IOL as a separate supply.
• YAG capsulotomy (66821) has a 90-day global included in the cataract surgery global period — do NOT bill 66821 within 90 days of the cataract extraction.

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Anterior Segment — Glaucoma (MIGS and Laser)

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
65855	Trabeculoplasty by laser (ALT/SLT)	010	Laser glaucoma — office or ASC
66170	Trabeculectomy ab externo, primary	090	Standard filtering surgery
66172	Trabeculectomy ab externo, revision (scarred)	090	Scarred eye revision
66174	Transluminal dilation of aqueous outflow canal without device	090	Canaloplasty
66175	Transluminal dilation of aqueous outflow canal with device	090	iTrack
66179	Aqueous shunt without graft (Ahmed, Baerveldt)	090	Tube shunt
66180	Aqueous shunt with patch graft	090	Tube shunt with graft
66183	Insertion of anterior segment drainage device, internal approach, no reservoir	090	MIGS — iStent, Hydrus, Kahook blade
66710	Cyclophotocoagulation, trans-scleral	090	TSCPC — end-stage glaucoma
66711	Cyclophotocoagulation, endoscopic (ECP)	090	Endoscopic CPC
66761	Laser iridotomy/iridectomy (LPI)	010	Angle closure prevention/treatment

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Posterior Segment — Vitreous

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
67005	Removal of vitreous, anterior approach; partial removal	090	Anterior vitrectomy
67010	Removal of vitreous, anterior approach; subtotal removal with mechanical vitrectomy	090	Anterior subtotal vitrectomy
67015	Aspiration or release of vitreous, subretinal or choroidal fluid, pars plana approach	090	Pars plana fluid release
67025	Injection of vitreous substitute, pars plana or limbal approach, with or without aspiration	000	Gas/oil injection — office or OR
67027	Implantation of intravitreal drug delivery system, pars plana approach	090	Retisert, Iluvien, Yutiq implant
67028	Intravitreal injection of a pharmacologic agent	000	Anti-VEGF injection — most commonly billed ophthalmic procedure
67030	Discission of vitreous strands (without removal), pars plana approach	090	Vitreous strand cutting
67031	Severing of vitreous strands, vitreous face, or membranes (without removal), laser surgery	000	YAG vitreolysis — floaters
67036	Vitrectomy, mechanical, pars plana approach	090	Standard PPV
67039	Vitrectomy, mechanical, pars plana approach; with focal endolaser photocoagulation	090	PPV + focal laser
67040	Vitrectomy, mechanical, pars plana approach; with endolaser panretinal photocoagulation	090	PPV + PRP
67041	Removal of preretinal cellular membrane	090	ERM peel — macular pucker
67042	Removal of internal limiting membrane of retina	090	ILM peel — macular hole
67043	Removal of subretinal membrane	090	Subretinal membrane
67101	Repair of retinal detachment; including drainage of subretinal fluid when performed; cryotherapy	090	Cryopexy RD repair
67105	Repair of retinal detachment; photocoagulation	090	Laser RD repair
67107	Repair of retinal detachment; scleral buckling operation	090	Scleral buckle
67108	Repair of retinal detachment; with vitrectomy, any method, with or without air or gas tamponade, focal endolaser photocoagulation, cryotherapy, drainage of subretinal fluid, scleral buckling, and/or removal of lens	090	PPV for RD — most common complex retinal code
67110	Repair of retinal detachment; by injection of air or other gas	090	Pneumatic retinopexy
67112	Repair of retinal detachment; by scleral buckling or vitrectomy, on patient having previous ipsilateral retinal detachment repair(s) using scleral buckling or vitrectomy techniques	090	Re-operation RD
67113	Repair of complex retinal detachment using vitrectomy and wide angle viewing system, with or without scleral buckling, cryotherapy or laser photocoagulation, perfluorocarbon liquid injection, and/or use of retinal tacks	090	Complex RD — PVR, giant tear
67121	Removal of intraocular foreign body from posterior segment without vitrectomy	090	IOFB removal, no PPV
67141	Prophylaxis of retinal detachment without drainage; cryotherapy, diathermy	000	Cryo for retinal tears
67145	Prophylaxis of retinal detachment without drainage; photocoagulation	000	Laser for retinal tears
67208	Destruction of localized lesion of retina; cryotherapy, diathermy	090	Retinal lesion destruction — cryo
67210	Destruction of localized lesion of retina; photocoagulation	090	Focal laser — retinal tumor
67218	Destruction of localized lesion of retina; radiation by implantation of source	090	Brachytherapy plaque
67220	Destruction of localized lesion of choroid; photodynamic therapy (PDT)	000	Visudyne PDT
67221	Destruction of localized lesion of choroid; photodynamic therapy, second eye, same session	000	PDT second eye add-on
67225	Destruction of extensive or progressive retinopathy; cryotherapy or diathermy, one or more sessions	090	ROP treatment — cryo
67227	Destruction of extensive or progressive retinopathy; photocoagulation (laser)	090	Laser ROP
67228	Treatment of extensive or progressive retinopathy; laser photocoagulation, one or more sessions	090	PRP for PDR — panretinal

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Posterior Segment — Retina and Choroid

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
67028	Intravitreal injection	000	Anti-VEGF, steroid, antibiotic — office or ASC
67036	PPV	090	(see vitreous section above)
67039-67043	PPV with membrane work	090	ERM, ILM, subretinal
67101-67113	Retinal detachment repair	090	(see vitreous section above)
67141/67145	Prophylactic laser or cryo	000	Retinal breaks/lattice
67228	PRP laser	090	Diabetic retinopathy
67500	Retrobulbar injection of medication	000	Steroid, alcohol block
67505	Retrobulbar injection of alcohol	000	Pain management, blind eye
67515	Injection of medication or other substance into Tenon’s capsule	000	Sub-Tenon injection

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Ocular Adnexa — Extraocular Muscles (Strabismus)

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
67311	Strabismus surgery, recession or resection procedure; one horizontal muscle	090	Single horizontal muscle
67312	Strabismus surgery; two horizontal muscles	090	Two horizontal muscles
67314	Strabismus surgery; one vertical muscle (excluding superior oblique)	090	Vertical muscle
67316	Strabismus surgery; two or more vertical muscles (excluding superior oblique)	090	Multiple vertical
67318	Strabismus surgery; superior oblique muscle	090	Superior oblique
67320	Transposition of extraocular muscle	090	Knapp, Jensen, Hummelsheim
67331	Strabismus surgery on patient with previous eye surgery or injury that did not involve extraocular muscles	090	Prior non-muscle surgery complicating
67332	Strabismus surgery on patient who has had previous strabismus surgery	090	Re-do strabismus
67334	Strabismus surgery by posterior fixation suture technique, with or without muscle recession	090	Faden procedure
67335	Placement of adjustable suture(s) during strabismus surgery, including postoperative adjustment(s)	090	Adjustable sutures
67340	Strabismus surgery involving exploration and/or repair of detached extraocular muscle(s)	090	Lost or slipped muscle
67343	Release of extensive scar tissue without detaching extraocular muscle, for strabismus	090	Scar release
67345	Chemodenervation of extraocular muscle	000	Botox for strabismus
67346	Biopsy of extraocular muscle	000	Muscle biopsy

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Ocular Adnexa — Orbit

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
67400	Orbitotomy without bone flap; for exploration, with or without biopsy	090	Orbital exploration
67405	Orbitotomy without bone flap; with drainage only	090	Orbital abscess drainage
67412	Orbitotomy without bone flap; with removal of lesion	090	Orbital mass excision
67413	Orbitotomy without bone flap; with removal of foreign body	090	Orbital FB
67414	Orbitotomy without bone flap; with removal of bone for decompression	090	Orbital decompression without bone flap
67415	Fine needle aspiration of orbital contents	000	Orbital FNA
67420	Orbitotomy with bone flap or window, lateral approach; with removal of lesion	090	Lateral orbitotomy with bone
67430	Orbitotomy with bone flap; with removal of foreign body	090	Orbital FB, lateral approach
67440	Orbitotomy with bone flap; with drainage	090	Lateral approach drainage
67445	Orbitotomy with bone flap; for exploration, with or without biopsy	090	Lateral orbitotomy exploration
67450	Orbitotomy with bone flap; for removal of bone for decompression	090	Decompression with bone flap
67500	Retrobulbar injection of medication	000	Block, steroid
67505	Retrobulbar injection of alcohol	000	Pain management
67515	Injection into Tenon’s capsule	000	Sub-Tenon
67550	Orbital implant insertion; outside muscle cone	090	Implant placement
67560	Orbital implant insertion; inside muscle cone	090	Intraconal implant
67570	Optic nerve decompression (e.g., incision or fenestration of optic nerve sheath)	090	ONSF — optic nerve sheath fenestration
67599	Unlisted procedure, orbit	N/A	Unlisted

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Ocular Adnexa — Eyelids

Blepharoptosis Repair

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
67901	Repair of blepharoptosis; frontalis muscle technique with suture or other material, (e.g., banked fascia)	090	Frontalis sling
67902	Repair of blepharoptosis; frontalis muscle technique with autologous fascial sling	090	Frontalis sling with autologous fascia
67903	Repair of blepharoptosis; (tarso) levator resection or advancement, internal approach	090	Internal levator — Mullerectomy
67904	Repair of blepharoptosis; (tarso) levator resection or advancement, external approach	090	External levator — most common ptosis repair
67906	Repair of blepharoptosis; superior rectus technique with fascial sling	090	Superior rectus-based technique
67908	Repair of blepharoptosis; conjunctivo-tarso-Muller’s muscle-levator resection	090	CTMR — Fasanella-Servat

Eyelid Lesion Excision and Reconstruction

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
67800	Excision of chalazion; single	010	Chalazion, office I&C
67801	Excision of chalazion; multiple, same lid	010	Multiple same lid
67805	Excision of chalazion; multiple, different lids	010	Multiple different lids
67808	Excision of chalazion; under general anesthesia and/or requiring hospitalization	090	Pediatric chalazion, GA
67810	Incisional biopsy of eyelid skin including lid margin	000	Eyelid biopsy
67820	Correction of trichiasis; epilation, by forceps only	000	Lash removal by forceps
67825	Correction of trichiasis; epilation by other than forceps	000	Electrolysis, laser
67830	Correction of trichiasis; incision of lid margin	010	Lid split
67835	Correction of trichiasis; incision of lid margin, with free mucous membrane graft	090	With graft
67840	Excision of lesion of eyelid (except chalazion) without closure or with simple direct closure	010	Lid skin lesion excision
67850	Destruction of lesion of lid margin (up to 1 cm)	010	Lid margin lesion destruction
67875	Temporary closure of eyelids by suture	010	Tarsorrhaphy
67880	Construction of intermarginal adhesions, median tarsorrhaphy, or canthorrhaphy	090	Permanent tarsorrhaphy
67882	Construction of intermarginal adhesions; with transposition of tarsal plate	090	Complex tarsorrhaphy

Entropion and Ectropion

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
67921	Repair of entropion; suture technique	090	Quickert sutures
67922	Repair of entropion; thermocauterization	090	Thermal repair
67923	Repair of entropion; excision tarsal wedge	090	Wedge excision
67924	Repair of entropion; other techniques	090	Jones, Weis, etc.
67930	Suture of recent wound, eyelid; partial thickness	010	Partial thickness laceration
67935	Suture of recent wound, eyelid; full thickness	010	Full thickness laceration
67938	Removal of embedded foreign body, eyelid	000	FB removal
67950	Canthoplasty	090	Canthal reconstruction
67961	Excision and repair of eyelid; involving one-fourth of lid margin, lid rotation technique	090	Lid rotation — cicatricial
67966	Excision and repair of eyelid; over one-fourth of lid margin, lid rotation technique	090	Large lid rotation
67971	Reconstruction of eyelid, full thickness; by transfer of tarsoconjunctival flap from opposing eyelid	090	Hughes procedure
67973	Reconstruction of eyelid, full thickness; with extensive damage to central eyelid	090	Extensive reconstruction
67974	Reconstruction of eyelid, full thickness; with free flap or graft	090	Free graft
67975	Reconstruction of eyelid, lower; partial or complete, by use of tarsoconjunctival flap from opposing upper eyelid	090	Bipedicle flap

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Ocular Adnexa — Lacrimal System

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
68020	Incision of lacrimal sac	090	Dacryocystotomy
68040	Expression of lacrimal gland	000	Lacrimal gland expression
68100	Biopsy of lacrimal gland	000	Gland biopsy
68110	Excision of lesion of lacrimal gland; up to 1 cm	090	Small gland lesion
68115	Excision of lesion of lacrimal gland; over 1 cm	090	Larger gland lesion
68130	Excision of lesion of lacrimal gland; with removal of bone	090	With orbital bone
68135	Destruction of lesion of lacrimal gland	090	Ablation — gland lesion
68200	Subconjunctival injection	000	Drug delivery, subconjunctival
68320	Conjunctivorhinostomy; without lacrimal sac	090	Jones tube without sac
68325	Conjunctivorhinostomy; with lacrimal sac	090	Jones tube with sac
68326	Conjunctivorhinostomy with lacrimal sac; with bony nasolacrimal canal	090	With bone work
68328	Repair of lacrimal canaliculi	090	Canalicular repair
68330	Repair of lacrimal canaliculi; with mucosal graft	090	With graft
68335	Repair of lacrimal canaliculi; from lacrimal sac to conjunctiva with insertion of tube or stent	090	Stent placement
68340	Division of lacrimal canaliculus for plug; or closure by laser surgery or cauterization	000	Canalicular plug
68360	Lacrimal sac fistulization by surgery; intranasal approach	090	Endonasal DCR
68362	Lacrimal sac fistulization by surgery; with skin flaps	090	External DCR — skin flaps
68371	Harvesting of conjunctival allograft, living donor	000	Graft harvest
68400	Incision, drainage of lacrimal gland	090	Abscess drainage
68420	Incision, drainage of lacrimal sac	090	Dacryocystitis drainage
68440	Snip incision of lacrimal punctum	000	Punctoplasty — punctal dilation
68500	Excision of lacrimal gland (dacryoadenectomy); except for tumor	090	Gland excision
68505	Excision of lacrimal gland; for tumor	090	Tumor indication
68510	Biopsy of lacrimal gland	000	Gland biopsy
68520	Excision of lacrimal sac (dacryocystectomy)	090	Sac excision
68530	Removal of foreign body or dacryolith, lacrimal passages	000	FB or cast removal
68540	Excision of lacrimal gland tumor; frontal approach	090	Tumor — frontal
68550	Excision of lacrimal gland tumor; involving osteotomy	090	Tumor with bone work
68700	Plastic repair of canaliculi	090	Canalicular reconstruction
68705	Correction of everted punctum; cauterization	000	Punctal eversion — cautery
68720	Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR)	090	External DCR — most common
68745	Conjunctivorhinostomy; without tube	090	Without Jones tube
68750	Conjunctivorhinostomy; with insertion of tube or stent	090	Jones tube insertion
68760	Closure of the lacrimal punctum; by thermocauterization, ligation, or laser surgery	000	Permanent punctal occlusion
68761	Closure of the lacrimal punctum; by plug, each	000	Punctal plug — dry eye
68770	Closure of lacrimal fistula	090	Fistula repair
68801	Dilation of lacrimal punctum, with or without irrigation	000	Punctal dilation
68810	Probing of nasolacrimal duct, with or without irrigation	000	NLD probing — pediatric
68811	Probing of nasolacrimal duct; requiring general anesthesia	000	Pediatric NLD probing, GA
68815	Probing of nasolacrimal duct, with or without irrigation; with insertion of tube or stent	000	NLD probing with stent
68816	Probing of nasolacrimal duct; with balloon catheter dilation	000	Balloon NLD dilation
68840	Probing of lacrimal canaliculi, with or without irrigation	000	Canalicular probing

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Conjunctiva

CPT	Description	Global	Notes
68020	Incision of conjunctiva, drainage of conjunctival cyst	010	Cyst drainage
68100	Biopsy of conjunctiva	000	Conjunctival biopsy
68110	Excision of lesion; up to 1 cm	010	Small conjunctival lesion
68115	Excision of lesion; over 1 cm	090	Larger lesion
68130	Excision of lesion; with removal of adjacent sclera	090	With scleral involvement
68135	Destruction of lesion of conjunctiva	010	Ablation — cryo, laser
68200	Subconjunctival injection	000	Drug delivery
68320	Conjunctivorhinostomy	090	(see lacrimal)
68325	Conjunctivorhinostomy with lacrimal sac	090	(see lacrimal)
68371	Harvesting of conjunctival allograft, living donor	000	Graft harvest
68400	Incision, drainage of conjunctival abscess	010	Conjunctival abscess
68500-68510	Excision/biopsy of lacrimal gland	090/000	(see lacrimal)

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Ophthalmology Medicine — E/M and Diagnostic

Eye Exam Codes (Ophthalmology-Specific)

CPT	Description	Notes
92002	Ophthalmological services; medical exam and evaluation, new patient, intermediate	New patient — focused exam
92004	Ophthalmological services; medical exam and evaluation, new patient, comprehensive	New patient — comprehensive, with dilation
92012	Ophthalmological services; medical exam and evaluation, established patient, intermediate	Established — focused exam
92014	Ophthalmological services; medical exam and evaluation, established patient, comprehensive	Established — comprehensive, with dilation

Tip

Ophthalmology E/M vs. Standard E/M Note:

• 92002-92014 are ophthalmology-specific exam codes that include elements unique to eye exams (biomicroscopy, dilated fundus exam, tonometry, etc.).
• Standard E/M codes (99202-99215) may also be used by ophthalmologists — especially for medical management of systemic conditions with ocular manifestations.
• Do NOT bill both 92002-92014 AND 99202-99215 for the same encounter.

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Ophthalmology Medicine — Special Testing

CPT	Description	Notes
92015	Determination of refractive state	Refraction — not covered by Medicare
92025	Computerized corneal topography	Topography — pre-op cataract, keratoconus
92060	Sensorimotor examination	Prism cover test — strabismus workup
92065	Orthoptic and/or pleoptic training	Vision therapy
92081	Visual field examination, unilateral or bilateral; limited examination	Tangent screen only
92082	Visual field examination; intermediate examination	Static/kinetic with limited points
92083	Visual field examination; extended examination	Automated 24-2 or 30-2 Humphrey
92100	Serial tonometry	IOP measurements over time — glaucoma
92130	Water provocation test	Provocative glaucoma test
92132	Scanning computerized ophthalmic diagnostic imaging, anterior segment	Anterior OCT — cornea, angle
92133	Scanning computerized ophthalmic diagnostic imaging, posterior segment; optic nerve	OCT optic nerve
92134	Scanning computerized ophthalmic diagnostic imaging, posterior segment; retina	OCT macula
92136	Ophthalmic biometry by partial coherence interferometry with intraocular lens power calculation	IOL Master — pre-op cataract biometry
92145	Corneal hysteresis determination	Ocular response analyzer
92201	Ophthalmoscopy, extended; with retinal drawing with interpretation and report, unilateral	Detailed fundus with drawing
92202	Ophthalmoscopy, extended; bilateral	Bilateral fundus with drawing
92225	Ophthalmoscopy, extended, with retinal drawing; initial	Extended exam, initial
92226	Ophthalmoscopy, extended; subsequent	Extended exam, follow-up
92227	Remote imaging for detection of retinal disease; with physician review and report	Teleretinal screening
92228	Remote imaging for monitoring and management of active retinal disease	Teleretinal management
92229	Imaging of retina for detection or monitoring of disease; point-of-care automated analysis	AI-based screening
92230	Fluorescein angiography	FA — gold standard retinal imaging
92235	Fluorescein angiography, with interpretation and report	FA with report
92240	Indocyanine-green angiography	ICG — choroidal disease
92242	Fluorescein angiography and indocyanine-green angiography	Combined FA + ICG
92250	Fundus photography	Fundus photos with interpretation
92260	Ophthalmodynamometry	Retinal artery pressure
92270	Electro-oculography with interpretation and report	EOG
92273	Electroretinography (ERG); full-field	Full-field ERG
92274	Electroretinography (ERG); multifocal	mfERG
92275	Electroretinography with interpretation and report	Standard ERG
92283	Color vision examination, extended, e.g., anomaloscope or equivalent	Extended color testing
92284	Dark adaptation examination with interpretation and report	Night vision testing
92285	External ocular photography with interpretation and report for documentation of medical progress	External photo
92286	Anterior segment imaging with interpretation and report; with specular microscopy and cell count	Specular microscopy
92287	Anterior segment imaging with interpretation and report; with fluorescein angiography	Anterior FA

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Ophthalmology Medicine — Injections

CPT	Description	Notes
67028	Intravitreal injection of a pharmacologic agent	Anti-VEGF (Eylea, Lucentis, Vabysmo, Avastin), steroid — most commonly billed ophthalmic CPT overall
67500	Retrobulbar injection of medication	Steroid, long-acting block
67505	Retrobulbar injection of alcohol	Pain management — blind eye
67515	Injection into Tenon’s capsule	Sub-Tenon steroid
66030	Injection into anterior chamber	Intracameral — antibiotic, viscoelastic
68200	Subconjunctival injection	Subconjunctival steroid or antibiotic

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MS-DRG Reference

MDC 02 — Diseases and Disorders of the Eye

DRG	Description	When
113	Orbital Procedures with MCC	Orbital surgery with MCC
114	Orbital Procedures with CC	Orbital surgery with CC
115	Orbital Procedures without CC/MCC	Orbital surgery, no CC/MCC
116	Room and Board — Corneal Transplant	Inpatient corneal transplant
117	Intraocular Procedures with MCC	Complex eye surgery inpatient, MCC
118	Intraocular Procedures with CC	Inpatient eye surgery, CC
119	Intraocular Procedures without CC/MCC	Inpatient eye surgery, no CC/MCC
121	Acute Major Eye Infections with MCC	Endophthalmitis, orbital cellulitis, MCC
122	Acute Major Eye Infections with CC/without CC/MCC	Acute eye infections
123	Neurological Eye Disorders	Optic neuritis, diplopia, nystagmus
124	Other Disorders of the Eye with MCC	Medical eye DRG with MCC
125	Other Disorders of the Eye with CC	Medical eye DRG with CC
126	Other Disorders of the Eye without CC/MCC	Medical eye DRG, no CC/MCC

Note: The vast majority of ophthalmic procedures (cataract surgery, intravitreal injections, laser procedures, MIGS, retinal detachment repair) are performed in the ASC or outpatient hospital setting and do NOT generate an inpatient DRG. MS-DRG is most relevant for inpatient admissions such as endophthalmitis, orbital cellulitis, acute angle-closure crisis requiring surgery, or complex trauma.

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Global Period Quick Reference

Global Period	Ophthalmology Examples
000	Intravitreal injection (67028), YAG vitreolysis (67031), laser (67145/67141), punctal plug (68761), sub-Tenon injection (67515), corneal scraping (65430), paracentesis (65800)
010	YAG capsulotomy (66821), ALT/SLT laser (65855), LPI (66761), chalazion (67800), eyelid lesion (67840), NLD probing (68810)
090	Cataract (66984), complex cataract (66982), MIGS (66183), trabeculectomy (66170), tube shunt (66179/66180), PPV (67036), RD repair (67107/67108), corneal transplant (65756/65730), ptosis repair (67904), strabismus (67311), orbitotomy (67412), DCR (68720), enucleation (65101)
XXX	Diagnostic tests — OCT (92132-92134), FA (92235), VF (92083), topography (92025)

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Common ICD-10-CM Diagnoses — Ophthalmology

Cataract

ICD-10-CM	Description
H26.001	Unspecified infantile and juvenile cataract, right eye
H26.9	Unspecified cataract
H25.011	Cortical age-related cataract, right eye
H25.031	Anterior subcapsular polar age-related cataract, right eye
H25.041	Posterior subcapsular polar age-related cataract, right eye
H25.811	Combined forms of age-related cataract, right eye
H26.211	Cataract with neovascularization, right eye
H26.221	Cataract secondary to ocular disorders, right eye

Glaucoma

ICD-10-CM	Description
H40.1110	Primary open-angle glaucoma, right eye, stage unspecified
H40.1130	Primary open-angle glaucoma, bilateral, stage unspecified
H40.2110	Chronic angle-closure glaucoma, right eye, stage unspecified
H40.051	Ocular hypertension, right eye
H40.3110	Glaucoma secondary to eye trauma, right eye
H40.3310	Glaucoma secondary to eye disorders, right eye

Retina

ICD-10-CM	Description
H33.001	Unspecified retinal detachment with retinal break, right eye
H35.341	Macular cyst, hole, or pseudohole, right eye
H35.371	Puckering of macula, right eye (ERM)
H35.321	Exudative age-related macular degeneration, right eye
H35.311	Nonexudative age-related macular degeneration, right eye
H35.81	Retinal edema
H36	Retinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere (diabetic retinopathy — use E11.3x1)
E11.3511	Type 2 diabetes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy with macular edema, right eye

Uveitis and Iritis

ICD-10-CM	Description
H20.011	Primary iridocyclitis, right eye
H20.012	Primary iridocyclitis, left eye
H20.013	Primary iridocyclitis, bilateral
H20.10	Chronic iridocyclitis, unspecified
H30.001	Unspecified focal chorioretinal inflammation, right eye

Cornea

ICD-10-CM	Description
H18.891	Other specified disorders of cornea, right eye
H18.601	Keratoconus, unspecified, right eye
H17.11	Central corneal opacity, right eye
B00.52	Herpes simplex keratitis
H16.001	Unspecified corneal ulcer, right eye

Eyelid and Orbit

ICD-10-CM	Description
H02.401	Unspecified ptosis of right eyelid
H02.831	Dermatochalasis of right upper eyelid
H02.001	Unspecified entropion of right upper eyelid
H02.101	Unspecified ectropion of right upper eyelid
H00.011	Hordeolum externum, right upper eyelid
H00.14	Chalazion, left lower eyelid
H05.011	Cellulitis of right orbit
H05.211	Displacement of globe, right eye

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Modifier Quick Reference — Ophthalmology

Modifier	Ophthalmology Use Case
-RT/-LT	Laterality — required on all unilateral ophthalmic procedures and injections
-50	Bilateral procedure — bilateral chalazion, bilateral YAG, bilateral strabismus
-25	Same-day E/M with procedure — 67028 + 99214 or 92014 on same day
-79	Unrelated procedure in global period — cataract on one eye during global of other eye
-58	Staged procedure — planned second eye cataract within global period of first eye
-78	Unplanned return to OR — post-op complication (endophthalmitis, hyphema, wound dehiscence)
-22	Increased complexity — document in operative note; supports complex cataract (66982)
-52	Reduced services — incomplete procedure
-53	Discontinued procedure — patient safety reason
-59	Distinct procedural service — separate same-day procedures (PPV + cataract)
-E1-E4	Upper/lower eyelid laterality — E1 right upper, E2 left upper, E3 right lower, E4 left lower
-TC	Technical component — imaging (OCT, FA) when facility performs technical only
-26	Professional component — interpretation of imaging only

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Individual Code Notes in This Vault

CPT	Description	Note Status
66984	Standard cataract extraction with IOL	(create note)
66982	Complex cataract extraction with IOL	(create note)
66991	Cataract with MIGS	(create note)
67028	Intravitreal injection	(create note)
67036	Pars plana vitrectomy	(create note)
67108	PPV for retinal detachment	(create note)
66183	MIGS — anterior segment drainage device	(create note)
66170	Trabeculectomy	(create note)
65756	Endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK/DMEK)	(create note)
67904	Ptosis repair, levator external approach	(create note)
20.x	H20 Iridocyclitis Family MOC	H20 Iridocyclitis Family MOC ✅

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Suggested Obsidian Linkouts

• H20 Iridocyclitis Family MOC
• Global Surgical Package MOC
• Procedure Status & Complexity Modifiers
• Otolaryngology CPT Codes Reference
• 📋 Urology CPT Codes Reference
• -25 - Modifier 25
• -50 - Modifier 50, bilateral procedures
• -58 - Modifier 58, staged procedure
• -59 - Modifier 59, distinct procedural service
• -78 - Modifier 78, unplanned return to OR
• -79 - Modifier 79, unrelated procedure during global period
• -LT - Laterality modifiers
• -E4 - Eyelid laterality modifiers
• -TC - Technical component modifier
• -26 - Professional component modifier
• -22 - Modifier 22, increased procedural services