96365

💉 CPT 96365 — Intravenous Infusion, Therapy/Prophylaxis/Diagnosis; Initial, Up To 1 Hour

Quick Reference

wRVU: 0.97 | Global Period: XXX (global concept does not apply — MAC-defined) | Assistant Payable: ❌ No | Bilateral Indicator: 0 (not a bilateral procedure)

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📋 Clinical Description

CPT 96365 reports the initial hour of a therapeutic, prophylactic, or diagnostic intravenous (IV) infusion of a non-chemotherapy drug, biologic agent, or other substance. It is a time-based code that covers the first infusion rendered during a patient encounter — including IV access, administration, and clinical monitoring — and specifically excludes chemotherapy (see 96413-96417) and highly complex biologic agent administration (see 96401-96402). If the same infusion runs beyond one hour, add-on code 96366 is appended for each additional hour (or fraction exceeding 30 minutes). When a second, sequential drug follows the first, 96367 is used for that new drug’s initial hour; concurrent infusions running simultaneously are captured under 96368.

IV infusion therapy delivers a drug, fluid, or diagnostic agent directly into the bloodstream via a peripheral or central venous catheter, achieving immediate systemic drug levels that oral or intramuscular routes cannot match. It is ordered when rapid onset of action is required, the drug is not bioavailable by other routes, or the patient cannot tolerate enteral administration. The clinical range is wide: antibiotics for sepsis management, biologics for autoimmune disease, IV iron for refractory anemia, and pre-operative prophylactic antibiotics all fall under this code family.

This procedure may be performed in the following clinical contexts:

• Infectious Disease / Antibiotic Therapy — IV antibiotics (e.g., vancomycin, cefazolin, piperacillin-tazobactam) when oral bioavailability is insufficient, the organism is resistant, or the infection severity demands immediate high serum concentrations
• Rheumatology / Biologic Infusion — Non-chemo biologics such as infliximab, tocilizumab, or rituximab (non-oncology indication) administered in infusion suites for autoimmune conditions including RA, IBD, or MS
• Pre-operative Prophylaxis — Prophylactic antibiotic infusion (e.g., cefazolin pre-arthroplasty) initiated in the pre-op holding area prior to surgical incision, per SCIP/SSI prevention protocols
• Diagnostic Infusion — Administration of a diagnostic agent (e.g., glucagon for motility studies, corticotropin for adrenal function testing) that must be delivered intravenously to achieve the required diagnostic effect; reported alongside appropriate ICD-10-CM encounter/screening codes
• Urgent / Emergent Non-Hydration Therapy — IV antiemetics, IV analgesics, or IV corticosteroids administered during an urgent care or ED-level visit when the primary treatment goal is pharmacologic, not hydration (hydration-primary encounters use 96360)

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🔬 Anatomical & Procedural Considerations

Phase	Clinical Steps	Coding / Documentation Impact
Pre-Infusion Assessment	Provider review of orders, allergy check, patient weight/vitals, IV access site evaluation	Medical necessity must be established; physician order or standing protocol must be in the chart
IV Access Establishment	Peripheral IV insertion (or use of existing central line); flushing and patency confirmation	Access type (peripheral vs. central) does not change the CPT code but may affect facility PCS coding
Drug Preparation	Pharmacy or nursing preparation of drug in appropriate diluent, volume, and concentration	Drug name, dose, diluent, and total volume must be documented; bill the drug separately with appropriate HCPCS J-code
Active Infusion & Monitoring	Infusion pump or gravity drip initiated; start time recorded; patient monitored for adverse reactions, vital signs, infiltration	Start and stop times are mandatory documentation — this is a time-based code; missing times = claim denial or audit exposure
Completion & Assessment	IV line removed or flushed; patient evaluated for response or adverse reaction; stop time recorded	Stop time + start time must support the code billed; if actual infusion time is 16–60 minutes → 96365; if >60 min, add 96366

Clinical Pearl

CPT 96365 is always the initial/primary infusion code for the encounter — meaning it can only be reported once per encounter for the first infusion administered. If the infusion time falls between 16 and 30 minutes, the AMA infusion guidelines allow it to be billed as the first hour. Do not use 96360 (hydration) when the primary clinical intent is drug administration, even if a concurrent saline flush or piggyback maintenance fluid is running — the therapeutic drug drives the code selection. Always bill the drug itself separately using the appropriate HCPCS Level II J-code (e.g., J0290 for ampicillin, J1745 for infliximab); 96365 covers administration only, not the drug cost.

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✅ Procedure Includes

• Pre-infusion nursing/provider assessment and verification of the physician order
• Preparation of the IV infusion, including reconstitution or compounding as needed
• Establishment of IV access (peripheral stick or use of existing central line)
• Administration of the drug or substance via IV infusion for up to one hour
• Continuous patient monitoring during infusion (vital signs, adverse reaction surveillance, pump management)
• Documentation of start and stop times, drug name, dose, route, and clinical observations
• Routine post-infusion assessment and IV line removal or maintenance

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❌ Excludes / Do Not Report Together

Code	Description	Relationship to 96365
96366	IV infusion, each additional hour	Add-on code for each additional hour (or fraction >30 min) beyond the first hour of the same drug — report in addition to 96365, never instead of it
96367	Sequential IV infusion, additional sequential infusion, new drug/substance, up to 1 hour	Use when a second distinct drug is infused sequentially (after the first drug is complete); cannot be reported as the first/primary code
96368	Concurrent infusion	Use when a second drug runs simultaneously (concurrently) with the primary infusion — not 96365; can only be reported once per encounter
96360	IV infusion, hydration; initial, 31 minutes to 1 hour	Hydration-primary encounters (normal saline, D5W, Lactated Ringer’s for dehydration); mutually exclusive with 96365 as the initial code — select based on primary clinical intent
96413	Chemotherapy administration, IV infusion technique; up to 1 hour	Chemotherapy and other highly complex biologic agents are explicitly excluded from 96365; use the 96413–96417 family for cytotoxic drugs
96374	Therapeutic, prophylactic, or diagnostic injection; IV push	Use when the drug is administered as a direct IV push (typically under 15 minutes with provider presence) — NOT an infusion; 96365 and 96374 are mutually exclusive for the same drug same session
E/M codes (992xx / 920xx)	Office visit, any level	Separately reportable only when modifier -25 is appended to the E/M code documenting a significant, separately identifiable evaluation beyond the routine pre-infusion assessment

Bundling Alert — Global Period is XXX (No Standard Global Period)

CPT 96365 carries a global period indicator of XXX, which means the standard global surgical package concept does not apply — there is no pre-operative or post-operative bundling window. Each encounter for infusion services is billed independently. The most common audit risk is incorrect hierarchical sequencing — 96365 must always be the primary/initial code for the encounter; add-on and sequential codes cannot stand alone. NCCI edits actively bundle 96366, 96367, and 96368 as column 2 codes that cannot be reported without 96365 (or an appropriate primary infusion code). Additionally, NCCI bundles many E/M codes with 96365 — modifier -25 on the E/M is required and must be supported by documentation of a separately identifiable medical decision-making service.

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🌳 Code Tree — Medicine: Hydration, Therapeutic, Prophylactic, and Diagnostic Injections and Infusions

CPT 96360–96379  Hydration, Therapeutic, Prophylactic, and Diagnostic Injections and Infusions
│
├── 96360–96361  Intravenous Infusion — Hydration
│   ├── 96360  IV infusion, hydration; initial, 31 min to 1 hr
│   └── 96361  IV infusion, hydration; each additional hour (add-on)
│
├── 96365–96368  Intravenous Infusion — Therapy/Prophylaxis/Diagnosis
│   ├── ▶▶ 96365 ◀◀  IV infusion, therapy/prophylaxis/diagnosis; initial, up to 1 hr  ← YOU ARE HERE  (Global: XXX)
│   ├── 96366  IV infusion, each additional hour (add-on)  (Global: ZZZ)
│   ├── 96367  Sequential infusion, new drug/substance, up to 1 hr (add-on)  (Global: ZZZ)
│   └── 96368  Concurrent infusion (add-on)  (Global: ZZZ)
│
├── 96369–96371  Subcutaneous Infusion — Therapy/Prophylaxis
│   ├── 96369  Subcutaneous infusion, initial, up to 1 hr including pump setup
│   ├── 96370  Each additional hour (add-on)
│   └── 96371  Pump/device refill and maintenance (add-on)
│
├── 96372–96376  Injections (Non-Infusion)
│   ├── 96372  Therapeutic, prophylactic, or diagnostic injection; subcutaneous or intramuscular
│   ├── 96373  Intra-arterial injection
│   ├── 96374  IV push, single or initial substance/drug
│   ├── 96375  Sequential IV push, new drug/substance (add-on)
│   └── 96376  Sequential IV push, same drug (add-on)
│
└── 96379  Unlisted therapeutic, prophylactic, or diagnostic IV or intra-arterial injection/infusion

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💰 RVU & Reimbursement Profile

Component	Value
Work RVU (wRVU)	0.97 (verify against current CMS MPFS for applicable year)
Global Period	XXX — Global surgical package concept does not apply
Bilateral Indicator	0 — Not a bilateral procedure; bilateral reduction rules do not apply
Assistant Surgeon	❌ Not payable
Co-Surgeon	❌ Not applicable
Team Surgery	❌ Not applicable
PC/TC Split	❌ No — Procedure code only (Indicator 0)
Modifier -51 Exempt	Yes — Add-on codes 96366, 96367, 96368 are -51 exempt; 96365 itself follows standard multiple procedure rules
Anesthesia	N/A — No anesthesia; nursing administration under physician supervision

Facility vs. Professional Billing Distinction

For hospital outpatient facility claims (UB-04 / Type of Bill 13x), report 96365 for the administration service following APC (Ambulatory Payment Classification) rules. The drug is billed separately via the appropriate HCPCS J-code on the same claim. For physician professional claims (CMS-1500), 96365 covers the supervision and oversight component only — the drug is still billed separately. In a freestanding infusion center or physician office, both the administration code and the drug J-code appear on the professional claim. Note that facility reimbursement rates (APC) differ significantly from the MPFS, and commercial payers may reimburse at substantially higher rates than Medicare in both settings.

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🏷️ Modifier Reference

Modifier	Name	When to Apply
-59	Distinct Procedural Service	When 96365 is performed at a separate IV access site from another infusion service on the same date, or when payers incorrectly bundle it with another procedure; document distinct site clearly in nursing notes
-25	Significant, Separately Identifiable E/M	Applied to the E/M code — not 96365 — when a medically necessary, separately identifiable evaluation is performed on the same date as the infusion; documentation must reflect decision-making beyond routine pre-infusion assessment
-76	Repeat Procedure, Same Provider	When the same provider administers a second, separate infusion on the same date that is clinically distinct from the first (e.g., second encounter/visit same day); rare in standard infusion billing
-77	Repeat Procedure, Different Provider	When a different provider in the same group performs a repeat infusion service on the same date
-XE	Separate Encounter	More specific than -59; use when the infusion occurs at a distinct, separate patient encounter on the same calendar date
-XP	Separate Practitioner	More specific than -59; use when a different practitioner administers the infusion
-XU	Unusual Non-Overlapping Service	Use when the infusion service does not overlap with the primary service components and -59 would be too broad
-52	Reduced Services	Infusion initiated but stopped before 16 minutes for clinical reasons (patient reaction, IV access failure) — document reason thoroughly; below 16 minutes the code should not be billed at all per AMA guidelines
-53	Discontinued Procedure	Infusion stopped due to a patient safety emergency after preparation was complete but before meaningful administration occurred; document reason
-GY	Statutory Exclusion	When the specific infused drug or service is non-covered under Medicare/Medicaid by statute; used to establish beneficiary liability or for secondary payer purposes

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🩺 Common ICD-10-CM Pairings

Infectious Disease — Antibiotic / Antifungal IV Therapy

ICD-10 Code	Description	HCC?	Clinical Notes
J18.9	Pneumonia, unspecified organism	❌ No	Use when organism is not documented or not yet identified; query provider for organism-specific code (J15.0-J15.9) if sputum/BAL culture results are available
N39.0	Urinary tract infection, site not specified	❌ No	IV antibiotics for UTI warranted in urosepsis or severe complicated UTI; if sepsis is documented, sequence sepsis (A41.xx) as PDx with N39.0 as additional dx
L03.90	Cellulitis, unspecified	❌ No	Append a laterality-specific code when site is documented (e.g., L03.211 right lower limb); unspecified is a last resort — query for site
A41.9	Sepsis, unspecified organism	✅ HCC 2	IV antibiotics are a standard treatment driver for sepsis admissions; organism-specific codes preferred (e.g., A41.01 MSSA sepsis) — sepsis is a major CDI query trigger
B37.49	Other urogenital candidiasis	❌ No	Example of antifungal IV (micafungin, caspofungin) indication; for candidemia use B37.7

Autoimmune / Rheumatologic — Biologic Infusion

ICD-10 Code	Description	HCC?	Clinical Notes
M05.79	Rheumatoid arthritis with rheumatoid factor, multiple sites, without organ involvement	❌ No	Verify laterality and involvement pattern; RA with organ/system involvement (M05.3x-M05.6x) carries greater specificity and documentation value
K50.90	Crohn’s disease of small intestine, unspecified, without complications	❌ No	Infliximab/vedolizumab IV infusions for IBD; code complications (obstruction, abscess, fistula) when documented
G35.D	Multiple sclerosis	✅ HCC 77	Natalizumab (Tysabri), ocrelizumab IV infusions; MS is an HCC — ensure documentation supports definitive diagnosis, not suspected

Pre-operative Prophylaxis

ICD-10 Code	Description	HCC?	Clinical Notes
Z29.8	Encounter for other specified prophylactic measures	❌ No	Use for prophylactic antibiotic infusion pre-procedure when no active infection is present; pair with the code for the underlying condition requiring surgery
Z23	Encounter for immunization	❌ No	Used when infusion is a prophylactic agent in a vaccine/immune context; verify applicability

Urgent / Emergent Non-Hydration IV Therapy

ICD-10 Code	Description	HCC?	Clinical Notes
R11.2	Nausea with vomiting, unspecified	❌ No	IV antiemetics (ondansetron, promethazine); code the underlying cause if documented (e.g., gastroparesis K31.84, chemotherapy-induced nausea R11.0 + T45.1X5A)
M54.50	Low back pain, unspecified	❌ No	IV analgesics/ketorolac for acute pain crisis; when possible, code the specific etiology driving pain

Coding Specificity Reminder

The ICD-10-CM codes listed above represent minimum specificity — many have more specific counterparts that require organism, laterality, or complication documentation. Never default to unspecified codes without first reviewing the available clinical documentation and querying the provider when reasonable specificity is achievable. Sepsis codes, in particular, are high-value CDI targets — always query for organism when blood culture or clinical suspicion data is present. ICD-10-CM specificity requirements are not optional, and unspecified codes invite payer scrutiny.

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🏥 MS-DRG Considerations (Inpatient)

Inpatient Coding Reminder

CPT 96365 is primarily reported in outpatient, office, and infusion center settings. In the inpatient setting, CPT codes are not used for facility coding — ICD-10-PCS codes replace them. The MS-DRG assigned to an inpatient encounter where IV infusion is administered is driven entirely by the principal diagnosis and any CC/MCC secondary diagnoses — not by the infusion administration code itself. The ICD-10-PCS administration codes (3E033xx, 3E043xx series) may be reported for completeness and internal analytics but do not independently shift DRG assignment. MDC assignment and DRG tier are wholly dependent on the underlying admitting diagnosis (e.g., sepsis → MDC 18; pneumonia → MDC 4; autoimmune disease → MDC 3).

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🔧 ICD-10-PCS Equivalents (Inpatient Facility Coding)

Note

In the inpatient facility setting, CPT 96365 is replaced by ICD-10-PCS Section 3 (Administration) codes. These codes are routinely assigned on inpatient claims for IV drug administration and are important for clinical documentation integrity (CDI) workflows. While they rarely shift the DRG independently, they support accurate representation of the clinical picture and may affect CC/MCC capture indirectly through the drugs administered (e.g., biologic infusion supporting a more specific principal diagnosis). Root Operation is always Introduction (3) for these administration codes — the introduction of a therapeutic, diagnostic, or prophylactic substance into the body.

PCS Code	Full Description	Applicable Scenario
3E033GC	Introduction, Peripheral Vein, Percutaneous, Other Therapeutic Substance	Peripheral IV — therapeutic drug (antibiotic, biologic, non-chemo)
3E043GC	Introduction, Central Vein, Percutaneous, Other Therapeutic Substance	Central line (PICC, port, CVC) — therapeutic drug
3E033KZ	Introduction, Peripheral Vein, Percutaneous, Other Diagnostic Substance	Peripheral IV — diagnostic agent infusion
3E043KZ	Introduction, Central Vein, Percutaneous, Other Diagnostic Substance	Central line — diagnostic agent infusion
3E033PZ	Introduction, Peripheral Vein, Percutaneous, Irrigating Substance	Peripheral IV — prophylactic antibiotic / flush-based prophylaxis

PCS Character Analysis — 3E033GC

Position	Character	Value	Definition
1	Section	3	Administration
2	Body System	E	Physiological Systems and Anatomical Regions
3	Root Operation	0	Introduction (putting in or on a therapeutic, diagnostic, nutritional, physiological, or prophylactic substance, except blood or blood products)
4	Body Part	3	Peripheral Vein
5	Approach	3	Percutaneous
6	Substance	G	Other Therapeutic Substance
7	Qualifier	C	Other Substance

PCS Route Selection: Peripheral vs. Central Vein

• Use Body Part 3 (Peripheral Vein) when the drug is administered via a standard peripheral IV catheter or PICC line
• Use Body Part 4 (Central Vein) when administration occurs via a centrally placed catheter — port-a-cath, tunneled CVC, internal jugular, subclavian, or femoral central line
• When the access site is not documented, query the nurse’s note or physician orders; peripheral access is standard for most infusion therapy and is the appropriate default when documentation is silent

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📝 Coding Examples

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Example 1 — Outpatient Infusion Center: IV Antibiotic for Pneumonia

Clinical Scenario: A 58-year-old male with community-acquired pneumonia is sent to the hospital outpatient infusion center by his pulmonologist for IV ceftriaxone because oral antibiotics were inadequate. The nursing note documents: “IV access established right antecubital fossa. Ceftriaxone 1g in 50mL NS initiated 10:15 AM, completed 10:50 AM. Patient tolerated well, no adverse reactions. Stop time 10:50 AM.” The physician order is on file. No separate E/M was performed at the infusion center today.

Field	Code	Rationale
CPT	96365	Initial IV infusion, therapeutic (antibiotic); 35-minute infusion time (16-60 min = first-hour code)
HCPCS	J0696	Ceftriaxone sodium, per 250mg — bill drug separately; 4 units for 1g dose
PDx	J18.9	Pneumonia, unspecified organism — primary reason for infusion; upgrade to organism-specific code if culture result is available

Note

No E/M was performed separately at the infusion center, so no E/M code is reportable today. The drug (ceftriaxone) is billed via HCPCS J0696 separately from the administration code 96365.

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Example 2 — Outpatient Hospital: Biologic Infusion (Infliximab) + Concurrent Saline, Separate E/M Same Day

Clinical Scenario: A 44-year-old female with Crohn’s disease presents to the GI infusion suite for scheduled infliximab (Remicade) 5mg/kg IV infusion. Her gastroenterologist performs a separate office visit prior to the infusion to assess her disease activity and adjust her dosing regimen, documented with a Level 4 E/M note. The nursing record shows infliximab infusion start 9:00 AM, end 11:15 AM (2 hours 15 minutes). Concurrent 250mL NS maintenance running simultaneously throughout the infusion.

Field	Code	Rationale
E/M	99214-25	Level 4 established patient office visit; modifier -25 on the E/M code documents separately identifiable medical decision-making regarding disease activity and dose adjustment
CPT 1	96365	Initial IV infusion, therapeutic (infliximab); first hour
CPT 2	96366	Each additional hour; 2 hours 15 min total → 1 additional full hour + 15 min (15 min does NOT exceed 30 min threshold, so only 1 unit of 96366)
CPT 3	96368	Concurrent infusion (NS running simultaneously with infliximab) — report once per encounter
HCPCS	J1745	Infliximab, not biosimilar, 10mg — bill per patient weight-based dose separately
PDx	K50.90	Crohn’s disease of small intestine, unspecified, without complications

Warning

Modifier -25 belongs on the E/M code (99214-25), never on 96365. A common compliance finding is reversing this — applying -25 to the procedure code instead of the E/M. The E/M documentation must reflect a distinct medical decision-making process (disease activity assessment, dose adjustment) clearly separate from the routine pre-infusion nursing assessment. Concurrent saline running alongside the primary therapeutic infusion is captured by 96368, not a second unit of 96365 — 96365 is reported only once per encounter as the initial infusion code.

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Example 3 — Inpatient / Outpatient Hospital: Sequential Infusions — Two Drugs, One Encounter

Clinical Scenario: A 70-year-old male in the hospital outpatient oncology clinic receives IV vancomycin (non-chemotherapy antibiotic) for MRSA bacteremia, followed sequentially by IV magnesium sulfate for documented hypomagnesemia. Nursing notes: Vancomycin infusion 8:00 AM–9:30 AM (90 minutes). After vancomycin complete, magnesium sulfate infusion 9:35 AM–10:20 AM (45 minutes). Both drugs administered via the same peripheral IV site. No separate E/M today.

Field	Code	Rationale
CPT 1	96365	Initial IV infusion (vancomycin, therapeutic); first hour
CPT 2	96366	Each additional hour (vancomycin continued beyond 60 min — 90 min total = 1 unit of 96366 for the 30+ min overage)
CPT 3	96367	Sequential IV infusion, new drug (magnesium sulfate), up to 1 hour — magnesium is a new drug started after vancomycin was completed
HCPCS 1	J3370	Vancomycin HCl, 500mg — bill per dose separately
HCPCS 2	J3475	Magnesium sulfate, per 500mg — bill per dose separately
PDx	A41.02	Sepsis due to MRSA
SDx	E83.42	Hypomagnesemia

Note

Sequential vs. concurrent billing distinction: Because the magnesium sulfate infusion began after vancomycin was completed, it is sequential → 96367. Had both been running at the same time, magnesium would be concurrent → 96368. This distinction must be clear in the nursing administration record with documented start and stop times for each drug. 96366 is reportable here because the 90-minute vancomycin infusion exceeded the first hour by more than 30 minutes (30-minute threshold for add-on time billing).

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⚠️ Common Coding Pitfalls

• Missing or incomplete start/stop time documentation: CPT 96365 is a time-based code — without documented start and stop times, the claim has no defensible basis for the time interval billed. Many payer audits specifically target infusion records for time gaps. Nursing administration records must capture exact clock times; “approximately 1 hour” is insufficient for audit defense. Missing times are the #1 reason for infusion code denials.

• Reporting 96365 more than once per encounter for the same drug: The initial-hour code is reported only once for the first infusion of the encounter, regardless of how long the infusion runs. Additional time for the same drug is captured by add-on code 96366. Billing two units of 96365 for a single drug’s 2-hour infusion is a well-known NCCI violation and triggers automated denial or recoupment.

• Using 96365 for chemotherapy or highly complex biologics: 96365 explicitly excludes cytotoxic chemotherapy and complex biologic agents administered in the oncology setting. These require codes from the 96413–96417 family. Upcoding chemo under 96365 or downcoding 96413 as 96365 both create compliance exposure. Verify intent of administration and the specific drug before code assignment.

• Confusing sequential (96367) vs. concurrent (96368) infusions: Sequential = second drug starts after the first drug is completely finished. Concurrent = second drug runs simultaneously with the first. These codes are not interchangeable, and the timing distinction must be explicit in the nursing notes. Misassignment of these add-on codes creates NCCI edit violations and is a consistent audit finding in infusion center billing reviews.

• Applying modifier -25 to the procedure code instead of the E/M: Modifier -25 is always applied to the E/M service code, not to 96365. If a separate, significant E/M is performed the same day, report the E/M with -25 appended. Placing -25 on the infusion code is a technical error that will result in claim rejection or incorrect payment allocation.

• Failing to separately bill the drug via HCPCS J-code: CPT 96365 covers the administration service only — it does not include the cost of the drug. The drug must always be billed separately using the appropriate HCPCS Level II J-code (e.g., J0290 for ampicillin, J1745 for infliximab, J3370 for vancomycin). Failure to bill the J-code means the drug cost goes unreimbursed — a significant revenue leakage issue in infusion center practice management.

• Using 96365 when infusion time is under 16 minutes: Per AMA infusion administration guidelines, the minimum time threshold for reporting any infusion code (including 96365) is 16 minutes. Infusions lasting 15 minutes or less that were administered as an infusion (not an IV push) do not meet the time threshold. Services under 15 minutes that are direct IV push administrations should be considered for 96374 (IV push) instead.

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📎 Sources

¹ AMA CPT 2025 Professional Edition — Medicine: Hydration, Therapeutic, Prophylactic, and Diagnostic Injections and Infusions (96360–96379) · ² CMS 2025 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Final Rule (CMS-1807-F) · ³ CMS RVU25A Relative Value Files — CPT 96365 · ⁴ NCCI Policy Manual Chapter 11, CMS 2025 — Injections and Infusions · ⁵ ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting FY2025 · ⁶ ICD-10-PCS Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting FY2025 — Section 3, Administration · ⁷ AAPC CPT Assistant — “Facility Reporting: Multiple Infusions (Codes 96360, 96365, 96366, 96367, 96368)” (April 2024) · ⁸ CMS NCCI Chapter 11A, Medicare Policy Manual 2026 Final — Therapeutic Injections and Infusions (3E0 series) · ⁹ AMA CPT Infusion/Injection Services FAQ — Infusion Time Thresholds and Hierarchical Sequencing Rules